GSTA4 ELISA Kit

Produktnummer ABIN454217

Produktdetails GSTA4 ELISA Kit

Target: GSTA4 (Glutathione S-Transferase alpha 4 (GSTA4))

Reaktivität: Ratte

Nachweismethode: Colorimetric

Methodentyp: Sandwich ELISA

Detektionsbereich: 0.78-50 ng/mL

Untere Nachweisgrenze: 0.78 ng/mL

Applikation: ELISA

Verwendungszweck: This immunoassay kit allows for the specific measurement of rat alpha-glutathione S-transferases, alpha-GST concentrations in cell culture supernates, serum, and plasma.

Proben: Cell Culture Supernatant, Serum, Plasma

Analytische Methode: Quantitative

Spezifität: This assay recognizes recombinant and natural rat GST.

Kreuzreaktivität (Details): No significant cross-reactivity or interference was observed.

Sensitivität: < 0.195 ng/mL
The sensitivity of this assay, or Lower Limit of Detection (LLD) was defined as the lowest detectable concentration that could be differentiated from zero.

Produktmerkmale: Rattus norvegicus,Rat,Glutathione S-transferase alpha-4,GST 8-8,GST A4-4,GST K,Glutathione S-transferase Yk,GST Yk,Gsta4,2.5.1.18

Bestandteile: Reagent (Quantity): Assay plate (1), Standard (2), Sample Diluent (1x20ml), Assay Diluent A (1x10ml), 2 Assay Diluent B (1x10ml), Detection Reagent A 1×120µl Detection Reagent B 1×120µl Wash Buffer(25 x concentrate) (1x30ml), Substrate (1x10ml), Stop Solution (1x10ml)

Anwendungsinformationen

Probenmenge: 100 μL

Plattentyp: Pre-coated

Protokoll: This assay employs the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. A monoclonal antibody specific for GST has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any GST present is bound by the immobilized antibody. An enzyme-linked monoclonal antibody specific for GST is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound antibody-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of GST bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

Aufbereitung der Reagenzien:

Bring all reagents to room temperature before use. Wash Buffer - If crystals have formed in the concentrate, warm to room temperature and mix gently until the crystals have completely dissolved. Dilute 20 mL of Wash Buffer Concentrate into deionized or distilled water to prepare 500 mL of Wash Buffer. Standard - Reconstitute the Standard with 1.0 mL of Sample Diluent. This reconstitution produces a stock solution of 50 ng/mL. Allow the standard to sit for a minimum of 15 minutes with gentle agitation prior to making serial dilutions. The undiluted standard serves as the high standard (50 ng/mL). The Sample Diluent serves as the zero standard (0 ng/mL). Detection Reagent A and B - Dilute to the working concentration specified on the vial label using Assay Diluent A and B (1:100), respectively.

Probennahme: Cell culture supernates - Remove particulates by centrifugation and assay immediately or aliquot and store samples at ≤ -20 °C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Serum - Use a serum separator tube (SST) and allow samples to clot for 30 minutes before centrifugation for 15 minutes at approximately 1000 x g. Remove serum and assay immediately or aliquot and store samples at -20 °C. Plasma - Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples for 15 minutes at 1000 x g at 2 - 8 °C within 30 minutes of collection. Store samples at ≤ -20 °C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Citrate plasma has not been validated for use in this assay.

Testdurchführung:

Allow all reagents to reach room temperature. Arrange and label required number of strips. 3
1. Prepare all reagents, working standards and samples as directed in the previous sections.
2. Add 100 uL of Standard, Control, or sample per well. Cover with the adhesive strip. Incubate for 2 hours at 37 °C.
3. Remove the liquid of each well, don’t wash.
4. Add 100 uL of Detection Reagent A to each well. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C. Detection Reagent A may appear cloudy. Warm to room temperature and mix gently until solution appears uniform.
5. Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three times for a total of three washes. Wash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (350 uL) using a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette, manifold dispenser or autowasher. Complete removal of liquid at each step is essential to good performance. After the last wash, remove any remaining Wash Buffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and blot it against clean paper towels.
6. Add 100 uL of Detection Reagent B to each well. Cover with a new adhesive strip.Incubate for 1 hours at 37 °C.
7. Repeat the aspiration/wash as in step
5. 8. Add 90 uL of Substrate Solution to each well. Incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature. Protect from light.
9. Add 50 uL of Stop Solution to each well. If color change does not appear uniform, gently tap the plate to ensure thorough mixing.
10. Determine the optical density of each well within 30 minutes, using a microplate reader set to 450 nm.
Important Note:
1. The wash procedure is critical. Insufficient washing will result in poor precision and falsely elevated absorbance readings.
2. It is recommended that no more than 32 wells be used for each assay run if manual pipetting is used since pipetting of all standards, specimens and controls should be completed within 5 minutes. A full plate of 96 wells may be used if automated pipetting is available.
3. Duplication of all standards and specimens, although not required, is recommended. 4
4. When mixing or reconstituting protein solutions, always avoid foaming.
5. To avoid cross-contamination, change pipette tips between additions of each standard level, between sample additions, and between reagent additions. Also, use separate reservoirs for each reagent.
6. To ensure accurate results, proper adhesion of plate sealers during incubation steps is necessary.

Ergebnisberechnung:

Average the duplicate readings for each standard, control, and sample and subtract the average zero standard optical density. Create a standard curve by reducing the data using computer software capable of generating a four parameter logistic (4-PL) curve-fit. As an alternative, construct a standard curve by plotting the mean absorbance for each standard on the y-axis against the concentration on the x-axis and draw a best fit curve through the points on the graph. The data may be linearized by plotting the log of the alphaGST concentrations versus the log of the O.D. and the best fit line can be determined by regression analysis. This procedure will produce an adequate but less precise fit of the data. If samples have been diluted, the concentration read from the standard curve must be multiplied by the dilution factor.

Beschränkungen: Nur für Forschungszwecke einsetzbar

Handhabung

Handhabung: 1. The kit should not be used beyond the expiration date on the kit label.
2. Do not mix or substitute reagents with those from other lots or sources.
3. If samples generate values higher than the highest standard, further dilute the samples with the Assay Diluent and repeat the assay. Any variation in standard diluent, operator, pipetting technique, washing technique,incubation time or temperature, and kit age can cause variation in binding.
4. This assay is designed to eliminate interference by soluble receptors, ligands, binding proteins, and other factors present in biological samples. Until all factors have been tested in the Immunoassay, the possibility of interference cannot be excluded.

Lagerung: 4 °C/-20 °C

Informationen zur Lagerung: The Standard, Detection Reagent A, Detection Reagent B and the 96-well strip plate should be stored at -20 °C upon being received. The other reagents can be stored at 4 °C.

Details zu GSTA4

Target: GSTA4 (Glutathione S-Transferase alpha 4 (GSTA4))

Andere Bezeichnung: Gsta4 (GSTA4 Produkte)

Synonyme: GSTA4-4 ELISA Kit, GTA4 ELISA Kit, gsta4-4 ELISA Kit, gta4 ELISA Kit, tGSTA4 ELISA Kit, GST5.7 ELISA Kit, mGsta4 ELISA Kit, glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 ELISA Kit, glutathione S-transferase alpha 4-like ELISA Kit, glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 S homeolog ELISA Kit, glutathione S-transferase 3 ELISA Kit, glutathione S-transferase, alpha 4 ELISA Kit, glutathione S-transferase A4 ELISA Kit, GSTA4 ELISA Kit, Gsta4 ELISA Kit, GSTA4L ELISA Kit, gsta4 ELISA Kit, gsta4.S ELISA Kit, LOC100341622 ELISA Kit

Hintergrund: Alpha-Glutathione S-transferase ( GST) is readily released from hepatocytes of both the centri-lobular and peri-portal regions in response to injury. In particular, the centri-lobular hepatocytes are highly susceptible to damage in various clinical conditions including allograft rejection, hepato-toxicity, as well as viral and chronic hepatitis. The rapid release of GST into the circulation and its immediate removal qualifies this parameter as an advanced biomarker for the integrity of the liver parenchyma and liver status. In the liver alpha GST is located in hepatocytes whereas GST is confined to the intrahepatic bile duct cells. The heterogeneous GST subclass distribution suggests that the isoenzymes have unique in vivo functions in different hepatic regions and that the detection of GST subclass levels in biological fluids would be of significant use in monitoring the integrity of specific hepatic regions. GST is unique to hepatocytes, and comprises 5 % of the soluble protein. Upon injury of hepatocytes GST is readily released into the pericellular environment.